QRIS adoption, cashless transactions, and financial inclusion in Indonesia: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Purpose: to systematically review the existing literature on the QRIS in Indonesia by identifying the determinants of QRIS adoption, examining its impact on cashless transactions, and analyzing its contribution to financial inclusion.

Method: this study employed a PRISMA-based systematic literature review (SLR) of 120 articles published between 2022 and 2026. The selected studies were synthesized through descriptive and bibliometric analyses using VOSviewer.

Findings: QRIS adoption is influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, social influence, and financial literacy. Furthermore, QRIS contributes to increasing cashless transactions, improving transaction efficiency, supporting MSME digitalization, and expanding financial inclusion in Indonesia. Bibliometric analysis shows that QRIS research has evolved from technology acceptance studies to broader discussions of digital transformation and inclusive finance.

Implications: by integrating QRIS research findings and offering insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and digital payment providers to increase QRIS adoption, strengthen the cashless ecosystem, and promote financial inclusion in Indonesia.

Originality: this study makes a novel contribution by integrating evidence on QRIS adoption, cashless transactions, and financial inclusion into a single PRISMA-based systematic literature review, providing a comprehensive perspective largely absent from previous studies on the Indonesian context.